Biological and Physiological Responses to Environmental Constraints

The central problem is to determine the ways by which organisms adapt to changes and/or perturbations in the marine environment. This subject can be addressed by two general themes:

• The influence of global climate change on individuals, populations, and communities (for example, physiological adaptation, changes in biological cycles, and changes in diversity).
• The relative importance of seasonal changes and rare events as vectors of adaptive strategies for individuals and populations.